DAY - 4
Operators in JavaScript
JavaScript supports eight
types of operators and some Miscellaneous
Operators.
·Additive Operators
·Multiplicative Operators
·Unary Operators
·Equality Operators
·Relational Operators
·Ternary (Conditional) Operators
·Assignment Operators
·Bitwise Operators
·Miscellaneous Operators
1. Arithmetic
Operators
Ø Additive operators, multiplicative operators and unary
operators are grouped under Arithmetic
Operators.
Ø Assume variable A holds 10 and variable B holds 20,
then −
Sr.No
|
Operator and Description
|
1
|
+ (Addition)
Adds two operands
Ex: A + B will give 30
|
2
|
- (Subtraction)
Subtracts the second operand
from the first
Ex: A - B will give -10
|
3
|
* (Multiplication)
Multiply both operands
Ex: A * B will give 200
|
4
|
/ (Division)
Divide the numerator by the
denominator
Ex: B / A will give 2
|
5
|
% (Modulus)
Outputs the remainder of an
integer division
Ex: B % A will give 0
|
6
|
++ (Increment)
Increases an integer
value by one
Ex: A++ will give 11
|
7
|
-- (Decrement)
Decreases an integer
value by one
Ex: A-- will give 9
|
Ø Addition operator (+) works for Numeric as well as
Strings. e.g. "a" + 10 will give "a10". For example
The following code shows
how to use arithmetic operators in JavaScript.
<html>
<body>
<scripttype="text/javascript">
<!--
var a =33;
var b =10;
var c ="Test";
varlinebreak="<br />";
document.write("a + b = ");
result= a + b;
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("a - b = ");
result= a - b;
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("a / b = ");
result= a / b;
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("a % b = ");
result= a % b;
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("a + b + c = ");
result= a + b + c;
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
a =++a;
document.write("++a = ");
result=++a;
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
b =--b;
document.write("--b = ");
result=--b;
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
//-->
</script>
Set the variables to different values and
then try...
</body>
</html>
Output
a + b = 43
a - b = 23
a / b = 3.3
a % b = 3
a + b + c = 43Test
++a = 35
--b = 8
Set the variables to different values
and then try...
2. Comparison Operators
Ø Equality operators and relational operators are grouped under comparison operators.
Ø Assume variable A holds 10 and variable B holds 20,
then −
Sr.No
|
Operator and Description
|
1
|
= = (Equal)
Checks if the value of two
operands are equal or not, if yes, then the condition becomes true.
Ex: (A == B) is not true.
|
2
|
!= (Not Equal)
Checks if the value of two
operands are equal or not, if the values are not equal, then the condition
becomes true.
Ex: (A != B) is true.
|
3
|
> (Greater than)
Checks if the value of the left
operand is greater than the value of the right operand, if yes, then the
condition becomes true.
Ex: (A > B) is not true.
|
4
|
< (Less than)
Checks if the value of the left
operand is less than the value of the right operand, if yes, then the
condition becomes true.
Ex: (A < B) is true.
|
5
|
>= (Greater than or
Equal to)
Checks if the value of the left
operand is greater than or equal to the value of the right operand, if yes,
then the condition becomes true.
Ex: (A >= B) is not true.
|
6
|
<= (Less than or
Equal to)
Checks if the value of the left
operand is less than or equal to the value of the right operand, if yes, then
the condition becomes true.
Ex: (A <= B) is true.
|
Ø The following code shows how to use comparison
operators in JavaScript.
<html>
<body>
<scripttype="text/javascript">
<!--
var a =10;
var b =20;
varlinebreak="<br />";
document.write("(a == b) => ");
result=(a == b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("(a < b) => ");
result=(a < b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("(a > b) => ");
result=(a > b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("(a != b) => ");
result=(a != b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("(a >= b) => ");
result=(a >= b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("(a <= b) => ");
result=(a <= b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
//-->
</script>
Set the variables to different values and
different operators and then try...
</body>
</html>
Output
(a == b) =>false
(a < b) =>true
(a > b) =>false
(a != b) =>true
(a >= b) =>false
a <= b) => true
Set the variables to different
values and different operators and then try...
3. Bitwise Operators
JavaScript supports the
following bitwise operators −
Assume variable A holds 2
and variable B holds 3, then −
Sr.No
|
Operator and Description
|
1
|
& (Bitwise AND)
It performs a Boolean AND
operation on each bit of its integer arguments.
Ex: (A & B) is 2.
|
2
|
| (BitWise OR)
It performs a Boolean OR
operation on each bit of its integer arguments.
Ex: (A | B) is 3.
|
3
|
^ (Bitwise XOR)
It performs a Boolean exclusive
OR operation on each bit of its integer arguments. Exclusive OR means that
either operand one is true or operand two is true, but not both.
Ex: (A ^ B) is 1.
|
4
|
~ (Bitwise Not)
It is a unary operator and
operates by reversing all the bits in the operand.
Ex: (~B) is -4.
|
5
|
<< (Left Shift)
It moves all the bits in its
first operand to the left by the number of places specified in the second
operand. New bits are filled with zeros. Shifting a value left by one
position is equivalent to multiplying it by 2, shifting two positions is
equivalent to multiplying by 4, and so on.
Ex: (A << 1) is 4.
|
6
|
>> (Right Shift)
Binary Right Shift Operator. The
left operand’s value is moved right by the number of bits specified by the
right operand.
Ex: (A >> 1) is 1.
|
Example
Try the following code to
implement Bitwise operator in JavaScript.
<html>
<body>
<scripttype="text/javascript">
<!--
var a =2;// Bit presentation 10
var b =3;// Bit presentation 11
varlinebreak="<br />";
document.write("(a & b) => ");
result=(a & b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("(a | b) => ");
result=(a | b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("(a ^ b) => ");
result=(a ^ b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("(~b) => ");
result=(~b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("(a << b) =>
");
result=(a << b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("(a >> b) =>
");
result=(a >> b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
//-->
</script>
<p>Set the variables to
different values and different operators and then try...</p>
</body>
</html>
(a& b) => 2
(a | b) => 3
(a ^ b) => 1
(~b) => -4
(a << b) => 16
(a >> b) => 0
Set the variables to different
values and different operators and then try...
4. Assignment Operators
JavaScript supports the
following assignment operators −
Sr.No
|
Operator and Description
|
1
|
= (Simple Assignment )
Assigns values from the right
side operand to the left side operand
Ex: C = A + B will assign the
value of A + B into C
|
2
|
+= (Add and Assignment)
It adds the right operand to the
left operand and assigns the result to the left operand.
Ex: C += A is equivalent to C
= C + A
|
3
|
−= (Subtract and Assignment)
It subtracts the right operand
from the left operand and assigns the result to the left operand.
Ex: C -= A is equivalent to C
= C - A
|
4
|
*= (Multiply and
Assignment)
It multiplies the right operand
with the left operand and assigns the result to the left operand.
Ex: C *= A is equivalent to C
= C * A
|
5
|
/= (Divide and
Assignment)
It divides the left operand with
the right operand and assigns the result to the left operand.
Ex: C /= A is equivalent to C
= C / A
|
6
|
%= (Modules and
Assignment)
It takes modulus using two
operands and assigns the result to the left operand.
Ex: C %= A is equivalent to C
= C % A
|
<<=
|
|
>>=
|
|
7
|
>>>=(Right
shift with Zero)
This operator is just like the
>> operator, except that the bits shifted in on the left are always
zero.
Ex: (A >>> 1) is 1.
|
&=
|
|
^=
|
|
|=
|
Example
Try the following code to
implement assignment operator in JavaScript.
<html>
<body>
<scripttype="text/javascript">
<!--
var a =33;
var b =10;
varlinebreak="<br />";
document.write("Value of a => (a = b)
=> ");
result=(a = b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("Value of a => (a += b)
=> ");
result=(a += b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("Value of a => (a -= b)
=> ");
result=(a -= b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("Value of a => (a *= b)
=> ");
result=(a *= b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("Value of a => (a /= b)
=> ");
result=(a /= b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("Value of a => (a %= b)
=> ");
result=(a %= b);
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
//-->
</script>
<p>Set the variables to
different values and different operators and then try...</p>
</body>
</html>
Output
Value of a => (a = b) =>
10
Value of a => (a += b) =>
20
Value of a => (a -= b) =>
10
Value of a => (a *= b) =>
100
Value of a => (a /= b) =>
10
Value of a => (a %= b) =>
0
Set the variables to different
values and different operators and then try...
5. Ternary (Conditional) Operator:
The conditional operator
first evaluates ancondition for a true or false value and then executes one of
the two given statements depending upon the result of the evaluation.
Sr.No
|
Operator and Description
|
1
|
(Condition?X:Y)
If Condition is true? Then value
X : Otherwise value Y
|
Example
Try the following code to
understand how the Conditional Operator works in JavaScript.
<html>
<body>
<scripttype="text/javascript">
<!--
var a =10;
var b =20;
varlinebreak="<br />";
document.write("((a > b) ?100 : 200)
=> ");
result=(a > b)?100:200;
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
document.write("((a < b) ?100 : 200)
=> ");
result=(a < b)?100:200;
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
//-->
</script>
<p>Set the variables to
different values and different operators and then try...</p>
</body>
</html>
Output
((a > b) ? 100 : 200) =>
200
((a < b) ? 100 : 200) =>
100
Set the variables to different
values and different operators and then try...
6. Miscellaneous Operator
Ø The Miscellaneous Operator typeofis quite useful in JavaScript.
Ø The typeof operator
retuns the data type of the operand. It is placed before its single operand,
which can be of any type.
Ø The typeof operator
evaluates to "number", "string", or "boolean" if
its operand is a number, string, or boolean value and returns true or false
based on the evaluation.
Ø Here is a list of the return values for the typeof Operator.
Type
|
String Returned by typeof
|
Number
|
"number"
|
String
|
"string"
|
Boolean
|
"boolean"
|
Object
|
"object"
|
Function
|
"function"
|
Undefined
|
"undefined"
|
Null
|
"object"
|
Example
The following code shows
how to implement typeof operator.
<html>
<body>
<scripttype="text/javascript">
<!--
var a =10;
var b ="String";
varlinebreak="<br />";
result=(typeof b =="string"?"B is String":"B is Numeric");
document.write("Result => ");
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
result=(typeof a =="string"?"A is String":"A is Numeric");
document.write("Result => ");
document.write(result);
document.write(linebreak);
//-->
</script>
<p>Set the variables to
different values and different operators and then try...</p>
</body>
</html>
Output
Result => B is String
Result => A is Numeric
Set the variables to different
values and different operators and then try...
No comments:
Post a Comment
Give your valuable feedback